Evolution Korea
In the fight over evolution, Korean scientists aren't taking their chances. The Society for Textbook Revise (STR) has been battling to have the Archaeopteryx and horses taken out of textbooks, saying they are typical symbols of evolutionism.
Confucian traditions with their emphasis on global success and the value of education, continue to dominate the country's culture. However, Korea is searching for an alternative model of development.
Origins
The growth of Iron Age culture brought more sophisticated states like Goguryeo Baekje and Silla to the Korean peninsula. They all created a distinct style of culture that merged with influences from their powerful neighbours. They also embraced aspects of Chinese culture including Confucianism, Buddhism and shamanism.
Goguryeo the first of the Korean kingdoms, was the first to establish their own system of government. It consolidated its authority in the 1st century and established a king-centered rule system in the 2nd century. Through a series of wars it eliminated the factions loyal to the Han dynasty from the north of the peninsula. It also expanded its territory to Manchuria too.
At this time, a regional confederation called Buyeo was formed. In the Samguk yusa of the 13th century Wang Geon's name was listed as the king. Buyeo was changed to Goryeo, and thus the name was adopted by Korea. Goryeo was a thriving commercial state as well as a center of learning. They raised sheep, goats and other livestock and made furs out of the animals. They danced in masked dramas like tallori and sandaenori. And they celebrated an annual festival in December called Yeonggo.
The economy of Goryeo was boosted by rapid trade, including with the Song Dynasty of China. Byeongnando was the main entry point to Gaeseong, the capital of Gaeseong. Traders came from Central Asia, Arabia and Southeast Asia. The items they brought were silk and medicinal herbs.
From around 8,000 BCE the Koreans began establishing permanent settlements and cultivating cereal crops. They also invented pottery and polished stone tools, and started organising themselves into clan societies. The Neolithic Age continued until the 12th century BC. Around this time Gija, a prince of the Shang dynasty of China, purportedly introduced a high culture to Korea. In the 20th century, many Koreans believed that Dangun and Gija gave Korea its people and their culture, respectively.
Functions
Korea's previous development model that emphasized the importance of state-led capital accumulation as well as government intervention in industries and business, led to rapid economic growth that took it from being one of the world's poorest economies to the ranks of OECD countries in three decades. This model was rife with moral hazards and outright corruption. It was therefore unsustainable in an economy that is characterized by liberalization, trade, and the process of democratization.
The current crisis has revealed the weaknesses of the current model, and it is expected that another model will replace it. The chapters 3 and 4 look at the origins of Korea's government and business risk partnership and demonstrate how the emergence economic actors that had an interest in maintaining this system hindered Korea from making major changes. By focusing on corporate governance and the allocation of financial resources, these chapters provide a detailed examination of the underlying causes of the crisis and point to ways of moving forward through reforms.
Chapter 5 explores the possible paths for Korea's post-crisis development paradigm evolution by examining both the legacy of the past and the new trends triggered by the IT revolution. It also examines how these trends will affect Korea's social and political structures.
The most important finding is that there are many emerging trends that are changing the nature of power and will decide the future of the country. Despite the fact that political participation in Korea is extremely restricted new forms of democracy are emerging that are able to bypass political parties and challenge them, thus transforming the country's democratic system.
Another important point is that the power and influence of the Korean elite has diminished. A large section of the society feels disconnected from the ruling class. This fact points to the need for greater efforts to educate and participate in civic life, as well as for new models of power sharing. Ultimately, the chapter concludes that the success or failure of Korea's development model will depend on how well these new trends can be incorporated into the ability to make tough choices.
Benefits
South Korea has the ninth largest economy in the world and the sixth fastest-growing. It has a large and growing middle class and a robust research and development base that drives innovation. In addition the government has recently increased its investment in infrastructure projects to aid economic growth and encourage social equity.
In 2008, Lee Myung Bak's administration announced five leading indicator in an attempt to create an economic system that was focused on changes and practicality. It made efforts to streamline the government organization, privatize public corporations equipped with greater efficiency, and reform administrative regulations.
Since the end of Cold War, South Korea is pursuing a strategy for integration of its economy the rest and beyond the region. Exports of high-tech consumer electronics and advanced manufacturing technologies have become a major source of income. Additionally the government has been pushing the Saemaeul Undong (New Community Movement) initiative, which is transforming the nation from a rural society to one that is that is focused on manufacturing.
The country enjoys a high standard of living and provides numerous benefits to its employees such as maternity leave, and job stability. Employers are also required to purchase accident insurance that covers payments related to work-related illness or injury. In addition, it is common for companies to provide private medical insurance that provides coverage for illness not covered by National Health Insurance.
In the end, South Korea has been thought of as a model for prosperity for many emerging countries around the world. However the global financial crisis that hit Asia in 1997 challenged this view. The crisis shattered conventional wisdom about Asia's miracle economies and resulted in a radical rethinking of the role played by the state in regulating the risky private sector economic activities.
It seems that Korea's fate is still uncertain in the following changes. On the other hand, a new generation of leaders has adopted the image of a "strong" leader and begun to explore market-oriented policies. On the other hand, a strong domestic power base has made it difficult to make fundamental change.
Advantages
The reemergence and influence of creationists is a major hurdle for Korean science in its efforts to inform the public about evolution. The majority of Koreans are in favor of teaching evolution to students however, a small section led by Bun-Sam Liu (the head of the Society for Textbook Revise, STR) is advocating for the removal of it from textbooks. STR argues teaching evolution promotes the idea of a "materialist atheism" and presents an "unhopeful worldview" for students. 에볼루션 블랙잭 can cause them to lose their faith in humanity.
The reasons behind this anti-evolution stance are complex and varied. Some researchers suggest that it is due to religious belief, while others point to an increasing prevalence of anti-intellectualism, which has been exacerbated by growing political elite fragmentation along ideologies, regions, class, and gender. Additionally, the one-sided populism of the federal government, aided by powerful conservative business interests and think tanks, aggravates public distrust of the scientific community.
In the end, the numerous vulnerability discovered in this study point to the need for urgent targeted policy interventions to preemptively mitigate these vulnerabilities. As Seoul continues to pursue its goal of becoming a cohesive urban landscape, these insights can be used to inspire an unifying push for greater inclusion in its policies.
In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, pinpointing vulnerable neighborhoods and occupants is crucial to develop detailed, empathetic policy measures to ensure their safety and wellbeing. The COVID-19 epidemic's disproportionate impact on Jjokbangs for instance, reflects socio-economic disparities which could increase vulnerability to natural and man-made disasters.
To overcome this, South Korea needs a more inclusive civil society that brings all communities together to address the city's biggest challenges. This requires a fundamental shift in the structure and power of institutional politics. Currently, the Blue House is able to mobilize a huge bureaucracy as well as strategically leverage the Supreme Prosecutor's Office and intelligence bureau, all of which lack any checks from parliamentary bodies or independent inspection agencies. This gives the president a huge influence to enforce his or her vision on the rest of the nation. This is a recipe that can lead stagnation and polarization of the country.